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The Lamiaceae (〔(【引用サイトリンク】 title=Pronunciation of lamiaceae )〕 or 〔) or Labiatae (the mint or deadnettle family) are a family of flowering plants. They have traditionally been considered closely related to Verbenaceae,〔Raymond M. Harley, Sandy Atkins, Andrey L. Budantsev, Philip D. Cantino, Barry J. Conn, Renée J. Grayer, Madeline M. Harley, Rogier P.J. de Kok, Tatyana V. Krestovskaja, Ramón Morales, Alan J. Paton, and P. Olof Ryding. 2004. "Labiatae" pages 167-275. In: Klaus Kubitzki (editor) and Joachim W. Kadereit (volume editor). ''The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants'' volume VII. Springer-Verlag: Berlin; Heidelberg, Germany. ISBN 978-3-540-40593-1〕 but in the 1990s, phylogenetic studies suggested that many genera classified in Verbenaceae belong instead in Lamiaceae.〔Cantino, P.D., Harley, R.M. & Wagstaff, S.J. 1992. Genera of Labiatae: status and classification. Pp. 511-522. In: Raymond M. Harley and Tom Reynolds (editors). ''Advances in Labiate Science.'' Richmond, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.〕 The currently accepted version of Verbenaceae may not be more closely related to Lamiaceae than some of the other families in the order Lamiales.〔 It is not yet known which of the families in Lamiales is closest to Lamiaceae. The family has a cosmopolitan distribution. The enlarged Lamiaceae contains about 236 genera〔 and has been stated to contain 6,900〔 to 7,200〔 species, but the World Checklist lists 7,534.〔(World Checklist of Selected Plant Families )〕 The largest genera are ''Salvia'' (900), ''Scutellaria'' (360), ''Stachys'' (300), ''Plectranthus'' (300), ''Hyptis'' (280), ''Teucrium'' (250), ''Vitex'' (250), ''Thymus'' (220), and ''Nepeta'' (200).〔 ''Clerodendrum'' was once a genus of over 400 species,〔 but by 2010, it had been narrowed to about 150. The plants are frequently aromatic in all parts and include many widely used culinary herbs, such as basil, mint, rosemary, sage, savory, marjoram, oregano, hyssop, thyme, lavender, and perilla. Some are shrubs, trees (such as teak), or, rarely, vines. Many members of the family are widely cultivated, owing not only to their aromatic qualities but also their ease of cultivation: these plants are among the easiest plants to propagate by stem cuttings. Besides those grown for their edible leaves, some are grown for decorative foliage, such as coleus. Others are grown for seed, such as ''Salvia hispanica'' (chia), or for their edible tubers, such as ''Plectranthus edulis'', ''Plectranthus esculentus'', ''Plectranthus rotundifolius'', and ''Stachys affinis'' (chinese artichoke). The original family name is Labiatae, so given because the flowers typically have petals fused into an upper lip and a lower lip (''ラテン語:labia'' in Latin). The flowers are bilaterally symmetrical with 5 united petals, 5 united sepals. They are usually bisexual and verticillastrate (a flower cluster that looks like a whorl of flowers but actually consists of two crowded clusters). Although this is still considered an acceptable alternative name, most botanists now use the name "Lamiaceae" in referring to this family. The leaves emerge oppositely, each pair at right angles to the previous one (called ''decussate'') or whorled. The stems are frequently square in cross section, but this is not found in all members of the family, and is sometimes found in other plant families. ==Genera== The last revision of the entire family was published in 2004.〔 It described and provided keys to 236 genera. These are marked with an asterisk in the list below. A few genera have been established or resurrected since 2004. These are marked with a plus sign. The remaining genera in the list are mostly of historical interest only and are from a source that includes such genera without explanation.〔"List of genera in Lamiaceae". In: "Lamiaceae". In: "List of families". In: "Families and genera in GRIN. (see ''External links'' below)〕 Few of these are recognized in modern treatments of the family. Kew Gardens provides a list of genera that includes additional information.〔List of Genera in Lamiaceae. At: Vascular Plant Families and Genera. At: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. At: Electronic Plant Information Center. At: Website of ''Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew''. (see ''External Links'' below).〕 A list at the Angiosperm Phylogeny Website is frequently updated.〔(APG list of Lamiaceae genera )〕 * *''Achyrospermum'' ''Acinos'' ''Acrocephalus'' *''Acrotome'' *''Acrymia'' ''Adelosa'' *''Aegiphila'' *''Aeollanthus'' *''Agastache'' *''Ajuga'' *''Ajugoides'' *''Alajja'' *''Alvesia'' *''Amasonia'' *''Amethystea'' *''Anisochilus'' *''Anisomeles'' ''Archboldia'' *''Asterohyptis'' *''Ballota'' *''Basilicum'' ''Becium'' *''Benguellia'' *''Blephilia'' *''Bostrychanthera'' ''Bovonia'' *''Brachysola'' *''Brazoria'' *''Bystropogon'' ''Calamintha'' *''Callicarpa'' *''Capitanopsis'' ''Capitanya'' *''Caryopteris'' *''Catoferia'' *''Cedronella'' ''Ceratanthus'' *''Chaiturus'' *''Chamaesphacos'' *''Chaunostoma'' *''Chelonopsis'' *''Chloanthes'' *''Cleonia'' *''Clerodendrum'' *''Clinopodium'' *''Colebrookea'' *''Collinsonia'' *''Colquhounia'' *''Comanthosphace'' *''Congea'' *''Conradina'' ''Coridothymus'' *''Cornutia'' *''Craniotome'' * *''Cuminia'' *''Cunila'' *''Cyanostegia'' *''Cyclotrichium'' *''Cymaria'' *''Dauphinea'' *''Dicerandra'' *''Dicrastylis'' ''Discretitheca'' ''Dorystoechas'' *''Dracocephalum'' *''Drepanocaryum'' *''Elsholtzia'' *''Endostemon'' ''Englerastrum'' *''Eremostachys'' *''Eriope'' *''Eriophyton'' ''Eriopidion'' *''Eriothymus'' ''Erythrochlamys'' ''Euhesperida'' *''Eurysolen'' *''Faradaya'' *''Fuerstia'' *''Galeopsis'' *''Garrettia'' ''Geniosporum'' *''Glechoma'' *''Glechon'' *''Glossocarya'' *''Gmelina'' *''Gomphostemma'' *''Gontscharovia'' *''Hanceola'' *''Haplostachys'' *''Haumaniastrum'' *''Hedeoma'' *''Hemiandra'' *''Hemigenia'' *''Hemiphora'' *''Hemizygia'' *''Hesperozygis'' *''Heterolamium'' *''Hoehnea'' *''Holmskioldia'' *''Holocheila'' ''Holostylon'' *''Horminum'' *''Hosea'' *''Hoslundia'' *''Huxleya'' *''Hymenocrater'' *''Hymenopyramis'' *''Hypenia'' * *''Hyptidendron'' *''Hyptis'' *''Hyssopus'' ''Isodictyophorus'' *''Isodon'' *''Isoleucas'' +''Kalaharia'' *''Karomia'' ''Keiskea'' ''Killickia'' ''Kudrjaschevia'' *''Kurzamra'' *''Lachnostachys'' *''Lagochilus'' *''Lagopsis'' *''Lallemantia'' *''Lamiophlomis'' *''Lamium'' *''Lavandula'' *''Leocus'' *''Leonotis'' *''Leonurus'' *''Lepechinia'' *''Leucas'' ''Leucophae'' *''Leucosceptrum'' ''Limniboza'' *''Lophanthus'' *''Loxocalyx'' *''Lycopus'' *''Macbridea'' *''Madlabium'' *''Mallophora'' *''Marmoritis'' *''Marrubium'' *''Marsypianthes'' *''Matsumurella'' *''Meehania'' *''Melissa'' *''Melittis'' *''Mentha'' *''Meriandra'' ''Mesona'' *''Metastachydium'' *''Microcorys'' *''Micromeria'' *''Microtoena'' *''Minthostachys'' *''Moluccella'' *''Monarda'' *''Monardella'' *''Monochilus'' *''Mosla'' *''Neoeplingia'' ''Neohyptis'' ''Neorapinia'' * *''Newcastelia'' ''Nosema'' *''Notochaete'' *''Obtegomeria'' *''Ocimum'' ''Octomeron'' *''Ombrocharis'' *''Oncinocalyx'' *''Origanum'' *''Orthosiphon'' *''Otostegia'' +''Ovieda'' *''Oxera'' *''Panzerina'' *''Paralamium'' *''Paraphlomis'' *''Paravitex'' *''Peltodon'' *''Pentapleura'' *''Perilla'' *''Perillula'' *''Peronema'' *''Perovskia'' ''Perrierastrum'' ''Petitia'' *''Petraeovitex'' *''Phlomidoschema'' *''Phlomis'' *''Phyllostegia'' *''Physopsis'' *''Physostegia'' *''Piloblephis'' ''Pitardia'' *''Pityrodia'' *''Platostoma'' *''Plectranthus'' *''Pogogyne'' *''Pogostemon'' *''Poliomintha'' *''Prasium'' *''Premna'' *''Prostanthera'' *''Prunella'' *''Pseudocarpidium'' *''Pseudocaryopteris'' *''Pseudoeremostachys'' *''Pseudomarrubium'' ''Puntia'' *''Pycnanthemum'' *''Pycnostachys'' ''Rabdosiella'' *''Renschia'' *''Rhabdocaulon'' *''Rhaphiodon'' *''Rhododon'' * *''Rostrinucula'' *''Rotheca'' *''Roylea'' *''Rubiteucris'' +''Rydingia'' ''Sabaudia'' *''Saccocalyx'' ''Salazaria'' *''Salvia'' *''Satureja'' *''Schizonepeta'' *''Schnabelia'' *''Scutellaria'' *''Sideritis'' *''Siphocranion'' ''Solenostemon'' *''Spartothamnella'' *''Sphenodesme'' *''Stachydeoma'' *''Stachyopsis'' *''Stachys'' *''Stenogyne'' *''Sulaimania'' *''Suzukia'' *''Symphorema'' ''Symphostemon'' *''Synandra'' *''Syncolostemon'' *''Tectona'' *''Teijsmanniodendron'' +''Tetraclea'' *''Tetradenia'' *''Teucridium'' *''Teucrium'' *''Thorncroftia'' *''Thuspeinanta'' *''Thymbra'' *''Thymus'' *''Tinnea'' *''Trichostema'' *''Tripora'' *''Tsoongia'' *''Vitex'' *''Viticipremna'' +''Volkameria'' *''Warnockia'' *''Wenchengia'' *''Westringia'' ''Wiedemannia'' *''Wrixonia'' ''Xenopoma'' *''Zataria'' *''Zhumeria'' *''Ziziphora'' 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Lamiaceae」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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